Madison is a city in Madison and St. Clair counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 3,891 at the 2010 census. It is home to World Wide Technology Raceway at Gateway and the first Bulgarian Orthodox church in the United States.
Madison was founded in 1820. There have been three villages named Madison.
Madison is located at 38°41′1″N 90°9′4″W (38.683700, -90.151047).
According to the 2010 census, Madison has a total area of 17.181 square miles (44.50 km2), of which 14.55 square miles (37.68 km2) (or 84.69%) is land and 2.631 square miles (6.81 km2) (or 15.31%) is water.
At the 2000 census there were 4,545 people, 1,881 households, and 1,117 families living in the city. The population density was 648.3 people per square mile (250.3/km2). There were 2,322 housing units at an average density of 331.2 per square mile (127.9/km2). The racial makup of the city was 55.36% White, 42.13% African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.92% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.96%.
Of the 1,881 households 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.2% were married couples living together, 22.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.6% were non-families.